Defendant Ling’s Market Essay Example for Free

Defendant cusks Market EssayFactsKim was shopping for dinner at Lings Market, as Kim entered she slipped and fell ascribable to the water accumulated on the floor (that the carriage was alive(predicate) of) because of the high winds and rain that blew into the Market each time the door was opened. Kim suffered a back injury as a progeny of the fall. Kim filed suit against Lings Market, the defendant, arguing that Lings performed a tort of negligence due to their absence of a warning nigh the wet floor, and disregard in the exercise of a fairish power point of care to protect business invitees. IssueTo prove that the defendant, Lings should be likely for Kims injuries, the plaintiff, must prove that Lings did not in fact exercise a reasonable point in time of care to protect Kim and warn her around the wet floor hazard due to the absence of a warning signalise or cones, and committed a tort of negligence. Is the lack of a warning sign a tort of negligence, and should it be mandated that Lings is liable for Kims injuries suffered as a result of the fall? endThe plaintiff feels that the defendant, Lings Market, should in fact be liable for Kims injuries she suffered as a result of the fall, and a tort of negligence has been committed due to the lack of a reasonable degree of care to protect business invitees.ReasonsAt www.barronstad.com it states that A business owner is required to use due care to keep the premises presumably safe for customers, or at least to warn them of dangers that ability arise from their use of the premises. According to the author of the text, explains that a tort of negligence occurs when someone suffers injury because of another(prenominal)s failure to live up to the required duty of care. The defendant, Lings, owed a duty of care to Kim and had breached verbalize duty. As a result Kim suffered a legally recognizable injury. By not providing a carefulness sign of some sort, Lings did not adhere to the duty of care.The plaintiff argues that the lack in a caution sign or warning of the half inch of water stand on the floor, with the manager knowing about the danger, is in violation of Lings, duty of care. The manager knew the condition of the floor, which was a direct result of more than the mere tramping of many feet under the conditions of weather then existing.The plaintiff argues that the excess water standing on the floor (one half inch) was a foreseeable risk that the business operator (manager) was aware about and should have posted a warning about the danger. If the defendant had posted a caution about the inherent danger the plaintiff, Kim, would have been more liable to avoid the outcome (Kims back injury).Citationshttp//www.barronstad.com/resources/resources_personal_injury http//www.lawteacher.net/tort-law/cases miller/Jentz, 9th Ed. Text, Ch 4, pg 112-115.

The Bad Effects of the Internet Development Essay Example for Free

The Bad Effects of the Internet Development endeavorAn American writer, Rick Warren said, I just think the Internet has made us ruder. What do you think of his words? Modern society is the selective information-oriented society. Everything changes quickly with numerous information, and volume do their ordinary things much(prenominal) as doing homework, chatting with friends, making documents in the workplace, or even making food deliveries with their computers. All these things could be thinkable beca ingestion of the advent of the net income. Then, when did the internet start to be used in South Korea? In 1982, the internet was introduced send-off when System Development Network (SDN) betwixt Seoul National University and the laboratory of electronic communication was connected. subsequently that, the e-mail service which was connected to the United States and Europe was provided, and in 1990 the time of the internet had begun (Ahn and Kim 91).Since then, the internet has true dramatically. According to Korea Internet and Security Agency, the number of people over three-year-old using the internet has increased slightly 30 million people from 1999 to 2011 (KISA ISIS). Nowadays, whoever, wherever people atomic number 18, and whichever the equipment one psyche has such as own(prenominal) computers, laptop computers, tablet pc or smartphones, the internet is accessible and available to everybody. The internet made people utilizing hundreds of information freely, enable to interact worldwide, and made peoples lives more convenient. However, at that place are several(prenominal) disallow effects caused by the development of the internet as much as the positive effects. there are three drab effects as a result of the development of the internet in South Korea the internet dependency, peoples moral paralysis and communication equipment failure.First of all, as a result of the development of the Internet, there are problems of internet addicti on. Internet addiction is defined as the kingdom of being unable to live daily life because of peoples excessive internet use or being unable to control themselves from using the internet. People are addicted to the internet game, chatting, inquisitory the information, or pornography, so they cannot live ordinary lives as students, sons or daughters, and as workers. According to the research of Minis show of grammatical gender Equality and Family, the rate of internet addiction has increased continuously, and 52% of 1,035,000 internet addicts are children and teenagers. The rate of addiction is 14.3% and the number of their rates aretwo times more than adults. In addition, the socially vulnerable order such as children of one-parent families and children who are handicapped are even worse, higher as five to octad percent than those who are in ordinary families (Wu).It is one of the biggest effects the internet has caused because it is not just altogether an individual problem b ut excessively it causes the social be. In 2010, the total social costs was estimated roughly 2.2 trillion won maximum including the costs of facilities providing pc service, the costs of cure and counseling for addicts and indirect costs which was caused by losing the opportunities of learning (Wu). The internet addiction is a serious problem because it affects teenagers much more. They are not adults yet and very easy to be influenced by provocative things. So, the internet which is full of exciting and centripetal things could lead people to be addicted and made teenagers grow as adults not properly.Second, as a result of the development of the Internet, there has been peoples moral paralysis. Under the concept of the anonymity, people bit by bit do immoral behaviors such as writing aggressive, malicious and hateful comments to other peoples posts, sharing things or data illegally that has the right of ownership and distributing other peoples spurious information. There wer e many celebrities of South Korea who committed suicide because of the bad comments for about last few years. In this year, Korean singer, Son Ho Young who was used to be a member of the most noted group, GOD, attempted suicide in May (Jo). It was because he was blamed of his previous girlfriends suicide. Until he attempted it, so many people on the internet made him a shameless person and wrote comments aggressively on the articles about him. Also, a new word, Il Be, which is actually the abbreviated form of the association site emerged as a way of expressing specific people who made malicious and dreadful comments to point people such as many women and those who are from Jeolla Province. They are even called, Il Be roundworm, because of their noble behaviors.Until recently, they are making noises on the society of South Korea. Besides, we can see many cases that data and information with property rights are illegally shared and distributed to a lot of people. There are hundre ds of P2P sites providing free files of music, movies, outcome with the rights of ownership. It could not be solved solo by cracking down. According to theMinistry of Culture and Tourism, even they compel fine those P2P sites, but it was temporary and returned to former state (Jung). It is because people paying attention illegal if we steal some goods for sale in a real-world, but in the virtual reality they do not regard downloading and uploading data with property rights as illegal. The development of the internet has caused the invasion of privacy as well by distributing personal information and false data. We can search huge amounts of information via the internet, and even we can considerably find what we wrote on the internet few years ago just by typing ID in the search engine. However, using these advantages of the internet, there are problems of personal information leakage.Many people are having stretch out in leaking their private information that lots of spam mails and text messages are sent to them with the illegally assailable information such as individuals e-mail addresses and phone numbers. A lot of celebrities in Korea are suffered by the false information. These are because peoples morality was paralyzed as a result of quick development of the internet. They are being confused, get numb of great deal of information and takes for granted that blaming others on the internet and getting information for free without hesitation.Lastly, as a result of the development of the Internet, there has been the breakdown of communication. As the internet has developed rapidly in Korea, a generational gap was made between older people and young people. While the young are getting used to using the internet easily, older people are not. The internet made generational difference and be unable to gibber each other. So the communication between older people and young people has decreased. Also, in the family, or even among friends there is not enough c ommunication. Sons and daughters are not trying to talk with their parents and other family members when they are at home, chatting with friends with their computers or smartphones. Many people use Social Network Service (SNS) such as Facebook or Twitter and have a short talk and comments at open posts but do not have earnest conversations among friends and families. Even they are with friends beside, they chat with their smartphones using the mobile internet service, KakaoTalk. It would the biggest negative effect that the internet has made because even though the internet made the society not only more efficient and convenient but hard-hearted and less conversation.In conclusion, as the internet has developed so much in Korea, many people are addicted to the internet, peoples morality is getting cracked, and lots of people are having broken down on real-world communication. The addiction problem affected individuals and the Koreas society both. Numerous people on the internet are paralyzed of their morality making bad comments, sharing other peoples information illegally and distributing others private or wrong information. Also, there is breakdown of communication in generational and real world. Although we are living conveniently in a well-developed society with hundreds of information and having benefits thanks to the internet, there are always two sides to the coin. There are also some negative effects because of the development of the internet. Therefore, we should make the best use of the positive sides of the Internet and try to solve and reduce the negative effects of the Internet.

The New Jim Crow Essay Example for Free

The New Jim Crow EssayIn the book The New Jim Crow author Michelle horse parsley conferences about numerous issues of racial inconsistency in our criminal justice system. horse parsleys book is something every person who even has an interest in the criminal justice field should read, as it truly looks beyond the color of a persons skin. horse parsley points out the vast volume of the tasks our criminal justice system slips in racial in par and contrariety. These problems welcome really formed our solid ground to what it is to this day. Most people feel that society as a whole is past dissimilarity and that it is no longer a problem any more.In reality, it is quiet a major problem in some(prenominal) aspects of our criminal justice system as considerably as the everyday lives of Americans. In all money plant I was one of them, scarcely The New Jim Crow really opened my eyes on the favoritism that occurs within minorities in the United States. Reflecting back on t his issue I had realized that I have witnessed this first hand with one of my close friends who is an African American male. I will draw a bead on into more detail about this later on in my paper, but for now I am sledding to address some of the issues of racial inequality in the criminal justice system that black lovage mentioned. introductory of all going back to the late 1800s with slavery in the United States. This cadence cessation really gravel the tone for favoritism in the future of our country. At this point in time African Americans were much exchangeable Peasants back in pre-colonial times. This led to slaves literally pass off their plantations and causing chaos among plantation owners. This non only bring ind problems for plantation owners, but it to a fault caused problems for the deliverance in the United States. After this was done black codes were created due to the African Americans unwillingness to work.Ultimately these codes were converse due to sever al pieces of civil rights legislation that started the Reconstruction Era. During this era African Americans who were former slaves were allowed their first luck to learn how to read and write. Another form of racial inequality was during the Reconstruction Era. There were more laws set in place that were mainly enforced against African Americans. These laws were set in place to protect against things such as mischief and insulting gestures.This was possible in my opinion due to the federal g overnment not aking an effort at the time to enforce civil rights legislation. Along with this death rates were extremely high-pitched due to private contractors did not c ar about the well world of the slaves. Like I give tongue to previously all these things set the tone for the future of our country. Looking forward to the 1950s to the 1960s discourtesy rates were dramatically rising with many people believing that the Civil Rights Movement was the main cause of the raise in annoyance. Another reason that Alexander stated cause this boost in crime was the baby boom generation entering their early twenties.With the rise of the young men it created the rise in crime. With that existence tell many people felt that the Civil Rights Movement was the main cause of this sharp outbreak in crime. Another event that did not help the cause of African Americans in the 1960s was the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther fairy Junior. This led to an outrage in the African American Community in which it gave gabardine Americans more reasons to think that African Americans were harmful to society. One issue of racial inequality that Alexander mentioned was how the courts place higher standards on African Americans than they do on white Americans.Along with that Alexander Talked about how white Americans atomic number 18 still more likely to do drugs than African Americans atomic number 18. Even in ghetto neighborhoods African Americans are less like to sell and use drugs tha n white Americans are. Along with that though, African Americans are sent to prison on drug charges at a rate of twenty to almost lx times greater than a white. Alexander also talked about a survey in the 1980s that found out that ninety pct of white believed that black and whit children should attend the same schools, and that 71 percent disagreed that whites have a right to keep blacks out of white neighborhoods.Also eighty percent of the people that took the survey said that they would support an African American candidate for president, and sixty-six percent said that they opposed laws prohibiting intermarriage. After reading this it really mannequin of troubled me because I feel that segregation was still a little bit of a problem in the early 1980s. In my opinion the problem with surveys are that a lot of the time people do not tell the truth and I feel like that is the case in this survey. I feel that those numbers would probably be near the same if not a little better to day than it was back then.One reason I feel this way is partially to how my grandparents act towards African Americans. My grandpa who was born in Eastern Tennessee has neer really been a big supporter of African Americans due to how he was raised by his atomic number 91 who was actually a preacher. Also I feel that the results that the survey got would depend on what kind of stadium the survey was taken in. In a town like the one that I grew up in I feel that the results would definitely be lower especially since it is not a very different town.Now back to the story where I had witnessed discrimination in the criminal justice system. When I was in high school me and some friends one of which was a African American male was driving pedestal from the bowling alley at around Eleven O Clock in the evening got pulled over on our way back to my house. When the officeholder came up to the car he asked me for my drivers clear like you would expect the officer to do. The officer caug ht my friends and I off guard when he asked my African American friend for his license, but not anyone else in the car.Until I read Alexanders book I never really thought about the situation since I was so young, but now I understand the magnitude of it all and how ridiculous it is that something like that happened and me not even realize it. Also I have been pulled over seven times by the police and this incident is the only time an officer has asked to see any identification of any of the passengers that I had with me. The next thing that I will talk about is how racism in criminal justice grew out of earlier historical periods. Earlier I mention how in the 1800s there was a Reconstruction Era.The first Reconstruction Era was draft According to Alexander it stretched from 1863to when the Northern states freed the slaves in 1877. With this reconstruction it gave African Americans their first opportunity to read and write, but it also forced the government to help support the Afric an Americans by providing things like food, clothing, and fuel. This period also gave the African Americans their first opportunity to vote although they had to be protected by federal troops from organizations like the Ku Klux Klan.At the end of the first Reconstruction Era the Civil Rights Movement that is also known as the Second Reconstruction started. During the Civil Rights Movement African Americans played a bigger part in the United States government due to African Americans gaining political power as well as the growing population of the NAACP. With the rise of the NAACP the Ku Klux Klan also grew as a terrorists program killing many officers of the NAACP. Along with Dr. Martin Luther King Junior who had probably the biggest impact on the Civil Rights Movement, prexy Kennedy presented a strong civil rights acme to the United States Congress.Although he was not able to see this through due to his assassination, his successor President Johnson do sure that this bill went through. This gave most African Americans a chance to go to schools with white students as well as giving them a chance to drinking from water fountains that they were banned from drinking out of in the beginning this bill. Recently I watched an ESPN 30 for 30 film about the University of knock offissippi otherwise known Ole Miss. A young African American, by the name of James Meredith, attending the university outraged the state of Mississippi.President Kennedy sent troops down to Oxford, Mississippi on the campus of Ole Miss to help protect Meredith and other students from being injured due to riots. Even with the troops, the riots were too much to handle which ultimately led to several students acquiring killed and many others injured. Before this film I had never heard of the tragedy that occurred within the university. Perhaps this kinky event was swept beneath the rug as if it never even occurred. Maybe its the occurrence that society is too embarrassed to own up to the sic kening deeds done onto our own kind?Now how does our criminal justice system, which is based on equality for all develop such discriminatory practices? It is not necessarily the system as a whole, but the actions of so many individuals who believe that discrimination is perfectly acceptable. Some regions of our beautiful country continue to believe that live a discriminating modus vivendi and pass these beliefs onto their children. Mississippi is a prime example of location still considered to be very discriminatory. The university itself proudly flies the rebel flag to the tune of Dixie unaware of the pain and suffering associated to both.What is a rank? A class is a way of diving a society into classes based on race, wealth, religion, and friendly status. With the most common example of caste is race and wealth. With that be said though Whit Americans are not the only ones who can sort out. African Americans or really anyone can discriminate against anyone person, race or soci al status. The criminal justice system is a caste system, because those at the skunk of the system can commit the same crime as a wealthy citizen and have more of a punishment than someone who can afford better lawyers and are well known.Also the discrimination between whites and minorities is probably the main reason why the criminal justice system is a caste system. Alexander talks a lot about this in chapter three of The New Jim Crow. Alexander talked about how long it could take public defenders to get to a case due to the overload of cases that he or she would be assigned to. One example of this is the O. J. Simpson murder case. There was so much induction and motive for O. J. to commit the crime yet he was still found not guilty of the murder. Does discrimination end when people are released from prison?Absolutely not After being released from prison, convicts will face more discrimination than before they were ever charged with whatever crime they have committed. The people who are released from prison will always have to face the fact that they will have the label of being convicted felon for the rest of their lives. After being convicted they typically do not have the same agate line opportunities as someone that has never been convicted, as well as not ever being allowed to get food attendants of public housing if they needed it.Basically, convicted felons might as well have a stamp on their forehead saying, I am a convicted felon. In conclusion, I feel that Alexander raises many good points on discrimination and racial inequality. Anyone entering the criminal justice field really needs to read this book and reflect on what needs to change to make our system an equality based system like it is supposed to be. I know it has me thinking about what needs to be done. I feel that is the only way we can make our criminal justice system a well-rounded system.

Visiting Forces Agreement Essay Example for Free

Visiting Forces Agreement EssayThesis Statement The Philippines should film terminating its Visiting Forces Agreement (VFA) with the United States before its too late for the government to overcome its unanticipated dilemma.I.What is the RPUS Visiting Forces Agreement?a.A bilateral agreement between the between the Philippines and the United States consisting of two recount agreement documents.a.Balikatan as VFA-1b.Balikatan as VFA-2 or the Counterpart AgreementII.There are several negative personal effects of Balikatan in the country. 1.Balikatan exercises threatened our environment and ecological resources. a.In the past Balikatan exercises, war and combat simulations which involved maneuverings and live elicit exercises have caused coral reef destruction and ecological pollution. b.Dumping of toxic wastes and nuclear-powered submarines are very dangerous to the health.2.Balikatan exercises hind end affect the peace and order situation in the country. a.Danger to life, ho nor, safety, and peace of the citizens, like what happened to Nicole (Subic Bay rape victim) and to the some other Filipinos threatened since the VFA was signed. 3.Balikatan exercises can affect the industrial and agricultural sector. a.During the dangerous exercises, farmers, fisher folk and indigenous community are banned from attending crops or fishing at the seas, thus, does it affect their livelihood.III.What are other alternatives out from recent visiting forces agreement? a.Improved the facilities and human forces by setting the internationalistic standard in troops tactics. b.A new refined and version of visiting forces agreement with the US or other countries that protects the Philippine and international laws on the protection and preservation of the environment.

Human sexuality Essay Example for Free

Human sexuality EssayShe was barely ogdoad years old when together with seven of her age mates ,she was handed over to a traditionalistic circumciser who took them through the abominable process of FGM. it has been many years since ,and she has accomplished so much in life, only the incident form fresh in her mind. The old woman who took them through the process was going blind, she says, and tierce of the eight who underwent the routine died due to excessive bleeding. One of them was her very close friend.Luckily for her, the bleeding was non too much and she had a savior at hand. Her father, who was a policeman, took her to a hospital in Garissa development a police land rover. This was the traumatizing experience that nominated Member of Parliament, Sophia Abdi Noor went through when her mother blessed her to change the solemnity of personation that would cleanse her and make her acceptable for marriage according to tradition.Never to begin with in history of th e august house had a member used her own life experience to draw debate as Ms.Sophia did when supporting the bill to outlaw female genital mutilation. Female genital mutilation is the con side of meatration used for operations or removal of all or just part of the external split of female genitilia. This practice has for a long time come under increasingly penetrative international scrutiny from the news media, feminist and human rights organizations. The main reasons for continuation of FGM are firstly, as a rite of passage from girlhood to womanhood a circumcised woman is considered mature, obedient and aware of her role in the family and society.Secondly, FGM is perpetuated as a means of reducing sexual desire of girls and women, thereby curbing sexual activity before and ensuring fidelity within marriage. Although opposition to female circumcision has been articulated throughout the twentieth century, starting with missionaries and colonial administrators, the latest resur gence of indignation was ignited in part by activists at conferences honoring the United Nations tenner for women(1975-1985). (Shell-Duncan. B,Hernland-Ypg 23) The practice of circumcising women has very deep roots that touch all aspects of the cultures that continue to inflict it upon their girls.However,it still remains to be a practice that violates the human rights of affected women in a moral and ethical smell because it generates psychological overrefinement, low self-esteem, tampers with a womans sexuality and is a wellness hazard. Psychological torture The pain inflicted by F. G. M does non stop with the initial force, but a good deal continues as an ongoing torture throughout a womans life. Intense pain and hemorrhage experienced during the procedure can ladder to shock.A 1985 Kenyan study found that nearly 97% of the 269 women interviewed experienced intense pain during and after F. G.M and more than 13% went into shock. According to WHO, It is self-evident that any form of running(a) interference in the highly sensitive genital organs constitutes a serious threat to the woman, and that the harmful operation is a source of major physical as well as psychological trauma. The goal and nature of the immediate and long-term mental disturbances depart depend on the girls privileged defences, the prevailing psychological environment, and a host of other factors. The family no doubt does its best to mitigate the painful effects of the operation nonetheless, they necessarily undergo overwhelming experiences.Even before the operation, the threat of cutting and disquietude provoking situation may disturb the mental state of the child to the degree that it causes worry, anxiety, sleeplessness, nightmares or panic. As anticipating precautions against these anxieties the family commonly uses various forms of traditional magi co-religious practice such as fumigation, or the wearing of amulets. On a religious perspective, the scripture prescribes that special efforts be made to care for those who are most vulnerable. (Deut 1017-19,Ps 823,4 Ps2411,12Luke 152-54) Jesus taught that children should be loved and harbored.Therefore,the genital mutilation of young girls violates the biblical mandate to safeguard children and protect them from harm and abuse Tampers with a womans sexuality. Sexual intercourse can only train place after opening the infibulation, through surgery or penetrative sexual intercourse. Consequently, intercourse is ofttimes painful during the first weeks after initiation. Although it is difficult to verify reports or womens sexual experiences, physical complications from FGM often impede sexual enjoyment. FGM destroys much or all of the vulva nerve endings, delaying arousal or impairing orgasm.Lacerations loss of fell elasticity, or development of neuron (a tumor or mass growing from a nerve) can lead to painful intercourse. In a 1993 Kenyan study, 5% of women interviewed experienced painful intercourse while 9. 3% of them reported having difficult or impossible penetration, and that many of the married ones only accepted it only as a duty. Scripture celebrates the divinely ordained deliver of sexual intimacy within marriage (Eccl9. 9Prov 518,19). The practice of female genital mutilation should be renounced because it threatens the creators design for the experience of blithesome sexuality by married couples.For married couples, the gift of sexual union may be unless blessed by the birth of children (Prov 3128). The fact that successful childbirth is threatened by FGM is redundant grounds for opposition to this practice. Health hazard. In October 1994, as a response to the call to Global Action,UNICEF issued an decision maker directive declaring that FGM is a health hazard to children and violation of their human rights. FGM in any form should not be practiced by health professionals in any setting including hospitals or other health establishments.Unnecessary oddly mutilation cann ot be condoned by health entrustrs. FGM is harmful to the health of women and girls and violates their basic human rights and medicalization of the procedure does not eliminate this harm. On the contrary, it reinforces the continuation of the practice by seeming to legitimize it. Health practitioners should provide all necessary care and counseling for complications that may arise as a result. Group circumcision, where the uniform unsterilized instrument is used on several girls at a time, repeat cutting and secure increases risk of HIV infection.The Bible presents the goodness of Gods creation, including the creation of human beings (Gen 131 Ps 13913, 14). God is the source and sustainer of human life (Job 334 john 13, 4). He calls for preservation of human life and holds humanity accountable for its destruction(Gen 95,6Ex2013,Jer 73-34). The human be is the the temple of the Holy Spirit, and followers of God are urged to care for and preserve their bodies, including the Creato rs gift of sexuality, as a spiritual responsibility (1cor615-19).Because FGM is harmful to health, threatening to life, and injurious to sexual function, it is incompatible with the will of God. Having discussed the side effects that FGM pauses to victims, various communities have come up with measures to fight this procedure, an ersatz rite of passage in the abandonment of FGM is used. It involves a four-step procedure Preparation Seminars for both parents and initiates are encouraged. The topics will include side effects of female circumcision, and get prepared to ensue a residential seminar to elaborate on what the alternative procedure entails.Actual Circumcision In the alternative Rite of passage, actual circumcision should be stopped since we have learnt that it is not necessary to make a woman an adult nor mature. The side effects of F. C both gip and long terms are to be avoided if actual circumcision is not performed. Parents can select a instructor and trainer, for the ir daughter who will accompany her to the residential centre for an alternative rite of passage seminar. Seclusion. For this the girls will attend a residential seminar for one week away from home.The initiate will be accompanied with their teacher and trainer. Women both circumcised and un circumcised from the community will facilitate during the seminar. Additional topics-AIDS, STIs, simple hygiene and great women in the Bible, in community and in Kenya. Rites and rituals will be optional. Girls of circumcision age are between six and twelve years old. For the purpose of effective learning, the girls will be divided into two groups girls between six and nine, ten and twelve. offset Graduation is expected to be brief and colourful.Songs, drama, plays and poems will be encouraged. Parents, community leaders, politicians and government officials will be invited to attend to witness the graduation of whole girls. Certificates of graduation will be awarded and prayers, blessings condu cted. Exchange of gifts for newly gradational girls will be carried out and finally the graduates will be handed over to the community,chief,church elders and clan elders. Since its an annual event, committees are to b e established to plan for the following year.

Rhetorical Strategies for Distinct Image Ads in Same Product Essay Example for Free

Rhetorical Strategies for Distinct cooking stove Ads in Same Product EssayRhetorical Strategies for Distinct Image Ads in Same product Advertisement is a form of communication int shoemakers lasted to persuade consumers to purchase or to accept the ideas, products or services. Advertising persuasion strategy not only has logic, but also has a unique art that advertisers riding habit to find many effective persuasions for various kinds of commit markets. Different ways to persuade customers for the equal product could have distinct effects by analyzing maneuvers, appeal methods, and angles of vision. Two diametrical image advertisements for notees argon canvas with rhetorical strategies at that placeinafter, which have entirely distinct groups of the target audiences. The freshman ad analyzed is an ad for the Witinauer go through in Essence Magazine, which displays a young woman in her late 20s holding a Witinauer Watch. The color of the backg cps of the Witinauer Wa tch ad is black. The womans face occupies almost the entire fastness right corner of the ad.Half of her face is showing, from the lower half of her nose to her chin. A light comes from the upper right onto her face, shadowing a small section below her nose and lips. Her neck is in darkness. She has a slightly parted m step forwardh with bright exit glossy lips. Exposed atomic number 18 her last trey fingers of the right pop off, which have finger nails the same red color as the lips. Those three fingers stick out from the darkness holding onto the top await links of the Wittnuer Watch next to the right corner of her mouth. The watch is in forward of the background. The color of the watch is silver, and its shape is elliptical. Around the watch face and links get along to be baseball fields. The shapes of the diamonds which stand for the numbers of time on the watch face ar similar to a parallelogram. The word WITTNAUER and a straight line with a small w in the middle be on the upper middle of the dial, and the word SWISS is located to the middle bunghole of the dial. in that respect argon speech Into the Night with white color and Times in the altogether Roman font in front of the shadow of her lips.On the right side croup there is the logo WITTNAUER in yellow, Times New Roman font and Calibri font for the word SWISS. In front of the background, on the left side bottom there be devil jewelry company names Zales and Gordons Jewelers. Their websites atomic number 18 also listed. On the left side of the ad, in a vertical direction, are the identifier and the watch website. The second ad analyzed is an ad for a Rolex Watch in Outside Magazine, which displays a man who is in his 50s, wearing a Rolex Watch. on that point are two parts of the Rolex Watch ad the main color of the upper tail finsixths is dark colored and the bottom is dark green. In the above five sixths of the ad, the color gradually fades from the quadruplet corners to the words on the upper left. On the upper left, there are seven rows of words the first six rows are the interview of the man, and the last row is the advertising slogan. The man with short hair folds his arms, smiling, looking towards the lens camera on the right hand side.He is wearing a gray parka jacket, and wearing a Rolex Watch on his left hand. Under his right arm there is a coil of racy and white climbing rope. In front of the background, a silver round do Rolex Watch is on the left bottom. The watch links are connected with oblong blocks. There are twelve even numbers that lap around the watchcase, and are separated by inverted triangles. There are sixty minute marks and twelve geometric shapes around the white dial. An inverted triangle is on the top of the middle of the watch two rectangles mark the quarter of an hour. There are foursome different shaped hands behind the glass the hour hand has two interdict with an heading like a MercedesBenz logo on the end of the bars. The minute hand also has two bars the second hand has a long single bar with a circle near the end of the bar.There is also a red hand with a triangle at the end of the bar. The logo of the watch has two parts the above is a shape of a golden royal crown, and the bottom is the word ROLEX with white color and Times New Roman font. There is a Rolex logo with several(prenominal) words on the middle upper of the dial, two rows of words just below the center, and two words on the middle bottom. In the lower right of the watch, in front of the dark green background, there are words OYSTER PERPERTUAL EXPLORER with white color and Arial Unicode MS font. On the right corner, in front of the dark green background, there is a Rolex logo and its website below. On the middle bottom, there are two rows near the product official contact number and sponsoring brands. Although both ads are all about watch, the target market strategies are distinguished. The appeals for the Rolex Watch ad and the Wi ttnauer Watch ad are logos, ethos and pathos. Both ads use logos, logical evidences to support the value of the products. For example, the Rolex Watch is on the arm of a rugged-looking man, and the Wittnauer Watch is in the hand of a sexy beautiful model.Equally important, in the Rolex Watch ad and the Wittnauer Watch ad, the watch is on the left because English is read from left to right, so the watch is the first thing that the reader sees. Likewise, the two ads useethos to emphasize the characters of the products to obtain the trustworthiness from readers. For instance, the model of the Rolex Watch ad is a sports star that has a high status in the adventure world. His name is Ed Viesturs, a famous high acme mountaineer who achieves marvelous achievements. The model has a high status in the adventure world. It argues that the Rolex Watch is so famous that wellknown people support it as well. People who like adventure result be attracted by this ad because of him. The Wittnauer W atch ad provides a famous brand as well. There are two well known jewelry companies names that appear in the ad, Zales and Gordons Jewelers. They are the sellers of the diamondshaped watch.This improves the market value of the Wittnauer Watch. Both of the ads use a famous person or brand to appeal credibility to readers. Furthermore, both the Wittnauer Watch ad and the Rolex Watch ad have pathos. In the Rolex Watch ad, the word Rolex, a crown for e really achievement appears after the introduction of the model. This attracts people who are successful or want to be an achievement because it makes a belief for readers, and makes people feel clever and proud when they are imaging having this product. Similarly, the Wittnauer Watch ad is favored by women because the surface of it is ripe of diamonds, which makes the watch look more glorious. Compared with the Rolex Watch ad and the Wittnauer Watch ad, both of them appeal to readers by logos, ethos and pathos. After analyzing the targe t audiences for both ads, the advertisers tried to persuade their target viewers by the angle of vision.In both of the Wittnauer Watch ad and the Rolex Watch ad, the products are in visible locations that it catches readers eyes. The watch in the Wittnauer Watch ad is in front of the dark background and most of the surface of the watch appears to be diamonds, which makes the watch dazzling. It shows this product is not only a watch, but also jewelry. Similarly, in the Rolex Watch ad, the watch appears from the dark background. The big round shape, large lap aroundnumbers, sporty clock hands, and geometric shapes makes the watch look like a timer, but not only a simple watch. In addition, the ads use different types of models to express different types of watches. The model of the Wittnauer Watch ad is a mature young lady. Her three long fingers and bright red glossy lips show a very sexy beautiful woman, which shows a rich high status. As well, the model in the Rolex Watch ad is a 5 0year old rugged-looking man, and expresses that this man is fullof experiences.Furthermore, the object or the words in the ads help to explain the product or introduce the model. In the Wittnauer Watch ad, the word Into the Night beside the watch, which appears from the dark, means the watch is as bright as a diamond at night. This shows how luxury the watch is. Likewise, in the Rolex Watch ad, the grey anorak jacket and the coiled blue and white climbing rope under the male models right arm helps to indicate the model as a mountaineer. Overall, the angles of vision of these two ads use the watch impression, selected models, property, and background to convince their potential customers. In conclusion, advertisers use many strategies to attract their target audience.They are very intelligent that they can expunge a simple product and turn it into the perfect thing for a certain group of consumers. exploitation angle of vision and Aristotelian Appeals of logos, ethos and pathos, advertisers to convince audiences their products will make them glamorous, athletic or successful. These advertisements are very attractive, but consumers should not just believe the advertisers because ad is a persuasive tool that it only shows their target audience the impressive parts of products. Consumers should concern more about the reality that whether these products are worth to purchase. They must(prenominal) consider the facts.

A Case Study Of Social Work With Families Social Work Essay

A look Study Of Social Work With Families Social Work EssayThis was my third cont human action with Mrs G heretofore my first data link with Mrs G on her own with place Ps presence. The purpose of the view was to carry start a cargonrs judging which focus on Mrs Gs involve separate from Ps collect. It was all important(p) that I tuned into the hear in order to ready with Mrs G efficiently. The process of tuning in helped me watch the legal commandment for the intervention, it helped me prep are myself for areas Mrs G may excite wanted to discuss, I was suit equal to consider relevant theories, Mrs Gs getings, my smellingings as a worker and how I would address these happenings through with(predicate) the use of serious know leadge, skills and values.Before meeting with the family I had read through the existing case file which allowed me to gain an appreciation into the social work appointment of MS the diversity co-ordinator to date, other professionals involved and an perceptivity into the family screenground. I had previously carried bug come forth a UNOCINI assessment on P, had been on a few visits to P and Mrs G and liaised with several other professionals involved with P such as the Renal Team at the Royal Belfast Hospital for Sick Children (RBHSC), the school, Ps G.P, Clinical psychologist and so on I had already ga thered relevant development and indeed obtained a good insight into the family situation, in particular through liaising with the Clinical Psychologist who had d maven some brief family work with the family. From liaising with him, I was equal to determine that there were strained relationships within the home. As my role in this instance involved assessing the inescapably of a carer, I read around carers in Northern Ireland, their inescapably and what they often start out etc. This allowed me to tune into what Mrs Gs look may involve with regards to compassionate for P and consider some of the cha llenges carers experience on a rule-governed basis.As I had already been involved with the family and completed a UNOCINI assessment, I gained a long insight into the familys circumstances, history/ backsideground. During this contact I wanted to obtain a greater insight into how Ps disability wedged is currently impacting on Mrs G, the primary carer of P. I brisk myself for the contact by familiarising myself with the carers assessment relieve oneself except I had already decided to approach the situation by allowing Mrs G to take control and explain openly how she was header etc. My practice teacher withal discussed her expectations with me during supervision.My primary purpose in this piece of work wasThe purpose of the work was to meet with Mrs G in her home. Carry out an assessment of Mrs Gs gather ups as a carer separate from Ps needs by allowing Mrs G to spill the beans openly to the highest degree her situation, how she was coping as a carer etc, express any concer ns she had and solicit her how she impressions we could best yield her at this clipping. This allowed Mrs G to take control of the discussion and identify areas to discuss.My main aims and were they achievedI contacted Mrs G preliminary to the visit to explain the observation so that she was cognisant of the situation before we arrived at the house. On arrival, I dis heighted that Mrs G had forgotten more or less the visit and planned to go into town. I asked Mrs G if she would akin to reschedule but she said she would prefer to go ahead with the visit. I did non live with to introduce myself at the beginning of this contact as I had clarified my role and help within the agency during the first visit with the family. I firstly introduced my practice teacher, reassuring Mrs G that she was there to assess me and my practice and that anything she would be writing would be closely myself and non her. I make headway quiet Mrs G that anything discussed within the visit wou ld not be discussed outside of the visit. At this coiffe I experience I could cause explained the boundaries of confidentiality. I explained to Mrs G she was authorise to a carers assessment under the Carers and Direct Payments flake and that this would focus on her needs as a carer as apposed to Ps needs. On reflection I do feel I could befuddle explained to Mrs G at this stage what the assessment involved and I could wee-wee summarised what I int displaceed to cover during the visit. Instead I just explained her entitlement to a carers assessment and that it foc utilize on her needs.I adjudge how difficult life has been for Mrs G and her family up until this point and asked Mrs g what it was like sympathize with for P. Mrs G gave a very detai lead account of Ps medical history and how his status affected him. Issues arising were Ps restricted provender stirring, Ps noncompliance to take medication and his per passwordal care. On reflection, although I did attempt to pr obe provided on these materialisations as an attempt to determine if and what triggers may dupe been contributing, looking back I do feel I could relieve oneself utilise more than effective questioning as an attempt to determine the impact this has had for Mrs G as a carer. Other issues arising were Ps lack of self-esteem and body issues which all the way contributed to his low mood. feel back I feel I could pose explored into this area more through look into more heretofore I unsay the carer at this stage having given me al drawing card of in-depth education. I had reacted by probing hike up on another motif and had forgotten to go back and explore this area. On reflection I feel it would have been important to have explored this area gain ground to gain a greater insight into how Mrs G make dod with knowing that her son was insecure and body issues. Does she attempt to talk to P? Does this worry her, make her feel stressed etc, how does she cope light uponing how Ps disability impacts upon him?Looking back another issue which Mrs G explained was the situation that P had fell out with their local Church over his diet. This was a give notice issue/concern for Mrs G, nonetheless looking back, I did not probe further on this issue as once again, I recall Mrs G explaining a number of issues at once. I explored further on one issue and again I forgot to go back and explore this concern. At this point I feel I should have listed back to Mrs G the concerns that were arising and explored each of them one by one. Instead I feel I became overwhelmed by all of the discipline she was giving me, I consequently responded by exploring into one issue, which then led into another issue and I forgot to cover the other issues arising a the beginning. This has been a big learning wreathe for me as a worker. From this in particular I have learnt that I need to be more assertive and take more control of the conversation, particularly if you are with a dish out substance abuser who is preferably talkative. In future day I plan to say, ok, mrs G, youve given me quite a lot of information there. You have raised concerns about this, this and this. I would then cover each of the issues separately to hear I have explored all areas fully that the service user has identified as organism problem areas. I impart to a fault ensure to take more control of the conversation by stopping the service user if I feel she has overwhelmed me with information and pace the flow of the interaction to ensure each area is creation fully explored.I recall Mrs G explaining that P had been abiding by his restricted fluid and diet intake recently as apposed to what he had done in the past. Mrs G did however express that P would still sometimes push the boundaries. I recall just reassuring Mrs G that this was very overbearing, however on reflection, I feel that I could have picked up on the particular that she had expressed he still pushes the boundaries at times and explored more into how they managed this, how he reacts when she re attends him the importance of his restricted diet and how Ps reactions impacted on Mrs G and other family members within the home.Mrs G went on to explain that the clinical psychologist P had been to see recently had diagnosed P as being biologically depressed and not clinically depressed. I recall probing further as an attempt to determine how Mrs G tangle about this diagnosis, and asked whether P would protract to see the psychologist. However on reflection I do feel I could have explored further with regard to the possible risks this presented for P, how P was behaving, had she noticed any supportificant changes in his mood, behaviour etc. Looking back I feel this would have been very important and usually I feel a very obvious area to cover however I recall reminding myself of my role within that visit and that was to focus on Mrs G as a carer and how she was coping as a carer. Looking back however I do feel it was important to have explored further on this issue as there evidently could have been risks involved which could have led me to determining how Mrs G mat and coped with these.I recall Mrs G explaining about Ps argumentative nature. I did attempt to explore this area further however again at this stage I recall Mrs G giving a lot of detailed information and again I do feel it would have been beneficial to have re reckoned the information she had given back to how Mrs G was affected and how she was coping.I summarised by explaining to Mrs. G the main issues which we had discussed during the visit and what Mrs G was currently dealing with. I then reminded Mrs G of the main reason for the contact which was an assessment of Mrs Gs needs as a carer, how things have impacted on her and how she was coping as a carer. I summarised by asking Mrs G to once again eplain what the main concerns were for her in coping and caring for P at the minute. Mrs G once again clearly highlig hted that the main concern for her as a mother was the fact that P had no opportunities at the minute to meet, socialise and interact others his own age group. She further explained that she felt this would undoubtly help to promote Ps independence while giving her and her married man a little relaxation. I paraphrased this back to Mrs G to have her crystallise what I understood in relation to Ps needs and how this would ultimately benefit them as carers. I summarised by acknowledging and explaining to Mrs G that I understood the level of Ps care needs, what the family have bugger off through in their lives to date and the impact of caring for P and other family members. At this stage I recall advising Mrs G of some support groups which may be of support to Mrs and Mrs G. Mrs G however clarified that she felt it was not them as parents who needed the support but their son, P who would benefit from some sort of social outlet. Furthermore, she did highlight she felt this would add itionally benefit her and her husband as P relied quite a lot on her and her husband to take him out.Mrs G expressed she felt it would be beneficial for P if someone Ps age were to deduce and bring P out for a few hours. I mentioned a voluntary befrienders scheme however I was unsure as to the likeliness of getting a befriender that age within the locality thus I checkd Mrs G I would follow this up and get back to her. At this stage I recall introducing the affair of direct defrayments. Looking back, I feel the conversation had flowed up until this point. On reflection I had no reason to bring up the topic of direct payments as the conversation up until this stage had been centred on Mrs G, her life as a carer and how this was impacting on her. I had prepared to cover this topic solely on the basis that this was one of the topics covered within the agencys Carers Assessment forms. Looking back, I feel there was no reason to introduce this topic as there was simply no purpose in t his instance. I recall asking Mrs G if she was aware of direct payments and or if she received direct payments. Mrs G was not and asked if this was the same as carers accommodation. At this stage I recall going completely blank. I knew it wasnt however I went completely blank and I could not think and turned to my practice teacher for reassurance and ask her if they were the same. At this stage I felt quite nervous and found it hard to refocus my mind back on the topic of conversation. I then recall trying to explain the concept of direct payments to Mrs G. I was able to explain that It focused on empowering service users through allowing them to be employers and this was a payment paid to them which would allow them to effectively employ someone if for example they wanted to pay someone to come in and care for their disabled child. I recall stumbling through this explanation as I consciously knew I wasnt communicating my understanding of direct payments effectively in a way to ens ure that Mrs G understood it and furthermore I doubted what I was saying. I feel I cold have tuned in emend to what direct payments were, whether Mrs G and P would have been eligible for this service, what the options were for them and been able to explain to them in a way that they understood and have given an example of their circumstances as apposed to a child. i.e. considering the fact that P was turning 18 in a few months. I feel if I had prepared go by doing this, there would have been more structure and purpose to introducing the topic in the first instance, Mrs G would have grasped a clear and terse understanding of what direct payments were, I would have come crossways as a more competent and knowledgeable worker and this would have lessened the likeliness of awe or unrealistic apprehends and expectations on Mrs Gs behalf on their eligibility and entitlement for the service. Straight away following the visit I acknowledged how my responses could have potentially have g iven Mrs g unrealistic hopes and expectations with regard to what they could get. I feel nervousness and lack of concise preparation significantly contributed to my inability to explain the service effectively and curtly, particularly subsequently I was otiose to explain the difference between carers allowance and direct payments initially.I finally summarised what I was going to do for Mrs G such as looking into the befriending scheme, their eligibility for direct payments, as she queried if she would be able to pay someone to come and take P out for a few hours a workweek etc. I then explained Mrs G that I would be in touch to arrange a time and date to talk through the assessment once I had completed it and have her sign it. Mrs G agreed.SkillsI do feel I listened to Mrs G and demonstrated note by being empathetic towards her and her situation past and present. I was very aware of the sensitivity around what Mrs G has come through in her life to date and used silence allo t to allow Mrs. G to garner her thoughts before answering the questions. When she was talking I continued to use silence as a core of letting Mrs G tell her story and express her feelings. I ensured to maintain eye contact. My non verbals I hope indicated to Mrs G that I was listening to what she had to say.Although I contently listened to Mrs G and what she had to say, I do feel she overwhelmed me with information a lot of the time. Although I managed to explore further some of these issues by probing further on true issues, I feel I failed to probe further on all the issues/concerns expressed by Mrs G. I feel I could taken control of the interaction more by stopping Mrs G at times and irritablely saying for example, ok Mrs G, you have given me quite a lot of information there. You mentioned this, this, this and this.. Can you firstly tell me a bit more about (1st issue), how does this affect you as a carer etc. I would then have gone through each issue separately and have expl ored each issue fully. I then would have got Mrs G to proceed. This would have ensured that I was using my probing skills more effectively and ensured I was exploring and analysing equally all areas which arose. Furthermore, I feel I did probe further on sure subjects to gain a further insight into how G felt about certain things although in doing this I do accept that I still may not have unplowed the topics focused on Mrs G as much as what I could have. I do feel however that in this instance, the needs of Mrs G was very dependent on that of meeting Ps needs first as she continually stated, if I thought that P was getting ready and looking preceding to going out and meeting with others his age, I would be able to relax and when he would be away, this would act as respite for me. I truly feel this was the main issue for Mrs G and she clarified this towards the end of the visit. I was particularly ware of this as I had tuned into the fact that in a typical come upon involving de vil people, it is estimated that the actual spoken or verbal content is likely to carry only one third of the social meaning in any given event, whereas the non verbal forms convey roughly dickens thirds of the meaning (Birdwhistell, 1970). Communication is a two way process. It involves listening as well as speaking. Non-verbals used were nodding, having an appropriate body posture, using eye contact, smiling and sitting in the SOLAR position. Allot of the time Mrs G was talking. I hope my non-verbals indicated to her that I was listening to what she had to say, respected the information she was sharing and demonstrated empathy and respect.I feel I used my interpersonal skills throughout the visit ad this contributed to a relaxed atmosphere and interaction. I do feel however I had developed a good rapport at this stage with Mrs G as I had been on a few previous home visits through carrying out the UNOCINI assessment. I feel I had a generally good structure to the contact however I do feel I could have explained at the beginning the content of what I hoped to cover with Mrs G instead of just summarising that I would be looking at her needs as a carer. I feel I demonstrated good non verbal communication through appropriate facial expressions, a good sitting position with an open posture, good eye contact and nodding my head to reassure Mrs G I acknowledged, was listening and understood what she was saying. I feel I laughed when appropriate and showed empathy when covering sensitive issues such as Ps past medical history of cancer and chemotherapy. I did ask variant open questions which I had planned as a means of applying the exchange mold and allowing Mrs G to talk openly about her life as a carer. This also allowed me to gain an insight into what Mrs Gs life was like, what her caring role entailed and how she coped with her caring responsibilities. I asked closed questions to gain more information on certain issues and clarify information. I feel my tone o f voice was appropriate considering we were covering issues which were sensitive to Mrs G. Generally, I feel I effectively communicated with Mrs G. Effective communication is an essential component of traditional social work activities (Lishman, 1994, pg 1). I communicated clearly with Mrs G by explaining why I was there, introducing my practice teacher, explaining her role, reassured Mrs G my practice teacher was there to observe me and not her. I explained clearly what I hoped to cover during the contact and under ground she was entitled to a carers assessment. The process of engaging entails social workers being explicit about what we are doing and why (Munro 1998a 98). I feel I take ond well with Mrs G by clearing explaining my role and purpose. I paraphrased back to Mrs G what she had said at certain stages, particularly towards the end of the contact to show Mrs G that I understood what shed told me. This involved me paraphrasing or feeding back to Mrs G what theyd conveyed, in a meaning(prenominal) way. This was also useful in having Mrs G clarify that this is indeed what she meant. Empowerment- Empowerment is more commonly used to describe service users being given meaningful choice and valuable options (Clark 2000 57). I feel I provided Mrs G with choice and valuable options by providing her with information, informing her of the services available. I do feel I actively listened to G and responded by probing further on certain issues.On reflection, I feel the type of questions I asked G could have been more focused on the needs of G and Ge as apposed from having her explain about P. Initially I felt this may have given R an insight into what Gs life is like and I thought it may have been a good beginning point however I feel I could have covered aspects such as how she coped when P was away to college, to dialysis. In saying this I do feel that G made it very clear particularly towards the end that the main concern for her at the minute was the fac t that her son had no friends his age, was unable to get out and had nothing to look forward to. And continually expressed that this was the main issue for her and that if he had an opportunity to get out and socialise with others his age, this would positively impact on her as she would be able to relax if she felt P was happy and this would also act as a few hours respite for her as relationships in the family had been strained recently.I feel I did not communicate to Mrs G in a clear and concise manner what direct payments was and was unable to provide her with a clear tone between that of carers allowance and direct payments. Looking back I went blank at this point and felt I could not think and panicky. As a result I looked to R for re-assurance.I do not feel I came across as a competent worker as on reflection I turned to my practice teacher when G asked me if a carers assessment was the same as a direct payment. Looking back on this I feel very silly as I knew the differenc e but I just recall going blank as I stumbled with how to explain the difference. I feel this was down to nervousness and as a result I panicked and turned to R for advice. I will definitely try to avoid doing this in future as it is not professional and service users expect that we as workers know what we are talking about.I feel I could have been better prepared with regard to knowledge in relation to direct payments and carers allowance etc. Although I thought I knew what they were, obviously hadnt read enough around them or had the information prepared in a way that would enable me to effectively communicate to the service user what they were. Although front to the contact I felt I was prepared, On reflection, I feel I could have been better prepared with regard to familiarising myself better with direct payments and carers allowance etc. I should have prepared in my head how I would explain this to G in a way that was clear and concise that she would have understood.My main ai ms achieved wereI was successful in getting Mrs G to open up about her situation and her feelingsI was successful in determining what it was she felt would best help and support her and her husband at the moment, which was providing them with respite by providing P with opportunities for social interaction.The main knowledge used and how it impacted upon my workI had an understanding of Mrs Gs circumstances through previous visits with the family and carrying out a UNOCINI assessment and liaising with other professionals already involved with the family. I feel I tuned in thoroughly to Mrs Gs past history, current circumstances and her life and needs as a carer. I did not have a lot of knowledge about the appropriate way of completing the carers assessment form. From discussing the topic with my practice teacher and other work colleagues, I felt it was better to not bring the form in with me during the visit. I felt this may have put Mrs G of or have distracted her. I considered the sensitivity of some of the issues that Mrs G may be relaying to me and I wanted to give her my utmost attention, reassure that I was fully listening to her, engage fully with Mrs G and let her lead the interaction and speak openly about her situation. This then led me to apply the exchange feign of assessment which looks upon service users as experts in their own lives. I tuned into the fact that no-one knew Mrs G and her life situation as well as herself and so I felt this model was ideal to apply as a method of assessment. The Life needs model is another model which informed my knowledge lower-ranking prior to the visit. This is a developmental and social-ecological model and increase my knowledge paper on key transitions in childrens lives. Although this model informed my knowledge base more so with regards to Ps UNOCINI assessment, it also allowed me to consider how Mrs G as a carer may be coping with Ps transition and current life stage of adolescence, as a carer and mother . Knowledge around assessment theory change magnitude my knowledge base on what assessment is and what it involves. Erik Eriksons life stage theory increased my knowledge base around Mrs Gs life stage. Theories around loss increased my knowledge base as to how Mrs G had see loss as a consequence of Ps physical disability and his cancer. This was very significant as the focus of the work was on assessing Mrs Gs needs as a carer, considering who she cares for, how that impacts on her life and how she effectively copes with her caring responsibilities. As a carer of a child who has a physical disability and who had had cancer and been treated with chemotherapy and has had two failed kidney transplants, this theory allowed me to tune into a number of losses Mrs G may has or may have had, losses in terms of lack of socialisation, independence etc. This knowledge allowed me to consider that Mrs G may have been affected psychologically, physically, emotionally and socially. One of my obj ectives for the visit was to discuss direct payments. I feel that I did not carry out sufficient research to allow me to explain this service clearly and concisely in a manner that Mrs G would have understood. I recognise that direct payments is a comparatively new way of receiving services and other professionals are still learning about what they are and how they are used. However, this is an area I had planned to cover with Mrs G as it is one of the questions within the carers assessment form and thus I do feel I could have researched this area more concisely to ensure I was confident in explaining it in a way that Mrs G would have understood. I also feel I had a good grasp of the current family situation through completion of the initial UNOCINI assessment and thus I could have enquired into the familys eligibility for receiving direct payments prior to the visit. I feel I had already previously adequately researched into Ps renal condition, kidney dialysis, the effects, the imp ortance of a restricted fluid and dietary intake and the consequences of not abiding by a restricted diet from completing Ps UNOCINI assessment. This information allowed me to further consider what life is like for Mrs G as a carer. I had already gained a great insight into the family circumstances through liaising with other professionals and completing the initial UNOCINI assessment. This knowledge was significant as it allowed me to consider the challenges Mrs G was facing as a mother and carer and thus I already had an insight into how she was coping with caring for P. I also done some research on carers of children who have disabilities which allowed to familiarise myself with what pressures and stresses carers are faced with on a daily basis.Throughout my work with this family I am constantly aware of overarching legislation such as the Childrens enunciate (NI) 1995, the Human Rights Act 1998, Disabled Persons Act (NI) 1989, and The Education (NI) Order 1996. The main piece o f legislation that informed this piece of work however was the Carers and direct payments Act (NI) 1996. I must always be aware of the legal and statutory context in which I work. It is unrealistic to practice without coming up against the Law it is impossible to practice effectively without an in-depth understanding of how the Law affects daily social work practice (Johns, 20051). Looking back I strongly feel I could have increased my knowledge base more effectively around direct payments and familiarise myself with what the criteria is for eligibility for families. I have since spoken to other workers in the team up and have read around the topic more and thus feel much more confident about the topic.The main values I used wereThe NISCC Codes of praxis for Social care Workers underpins my professional value base and I felt this impacted when working with this family. I feel that I treated Mrs G and her home environment with respect by asking Mrs G prior to the visit if she wou ld mind my practice teacher being present to observe my work. I feel I empathised with G by being understanding of her all that her and her family have come through in their lives to date. I felt I could easily empathise with her when she was referring to P and his medical history and his cancer. I considered prior to contact how devastating this particular time would have been in their lives and acknowledged the importance of showing empathy, particularly if this service user was willing to talk openly to me who she may have looked upon as a stranger, about such a sensitive area in her life. I empathised with her further when she talked openly about her sometime(a) son also having been born with a renal condition and the ongoing everyday stresses and strains this had. I did not judge Mrs G. I listened openly to what she had to say and demonstrated empathy by being understanding of Mrs Gs circumstances at present and what she has come through to date. By being empathetic and unders tanding towards Mrs G, I feel she was more motivated to work in partnership with me. I feel I demonstrated respect by explaining the issue of confidentiality, explaining my student status, gaining consent and ensuring Mrs G was happy and content working with myself, a student, by reminding Mrs G of my student status and allowing her to clarify she was happy to proceed. Furthermore, I feel I respected Mrs G by pre arranging the appointment and turning up on time. I feel I demonstrated respect at all times throughout the visit by maintaining eye contact, listening to Mrs G, using silence when appropriate and allowing her to speak, gather her thoughts and express her feelings. I was genuinely interested in what Mrs G had to say, finding out more about her life and past experiences and I was honest and open which I feel contributed to an effective, positive working relationship with Mrs G. I made myself aware of any cultural/structural oppression that the service user may be experiencin g, such as gender, religious issues. I also considered that Mrs G attended a Church group and that she and her family held firm religious beliefs and attended Church on a regular basis.Future learning requirements indicated by this piece of workWhat I hope to improve upon in the futureFrom looking back I can see that there are significant areas I need to develop my knowledge and experience in. For example I strongly feel I could have increased my knowledge base more effectively around direct payments and have familiarised myself with what the criteria is for eligibility for families. My lack of experience delivering direct payments is obvious here. I feel that my understanding on this topic could be improved through reading further on the topic and possibly shadowing other social workers in the team when they visit service users about direct payments. Being well prepared for what it is I want to cover during contacts is another significant area I need to work on. Looking back, I fee l the contact had flowed up until the point at which I introduced the topic of direct payments. I feel, I already had an insight into the family situation through completing the initial assessment ad I knew that Mrs Gs main concern was that P did not have enough opportunities for social outlets and if I had prepared to introduce this topic, I should have previously enquired into whether this was an option for Mrs G and her family. On reflection this would have made much more sense as I would have had reasoning for introducing the topic and I would have been able to inform Mrs G of information that was clear, concise and accurate, preventing informing Mrs G of information that was inaccurate, risking false hopes and possible dis